8th Social Science Civics Guide Unit 5 Road Safety Rules and Regulations

8th Standard Civics Guide Lesson 5 Road Safety Rules and Regulations

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8th Social Science Civics Guide Unit 5 Road Safety Rules and Regulations

I. Choose the correct answer

1. At a red light

1. You can keep going if the path looks clear.
2. You must stop and wait for it turn green.
3. Quickly you can reply your friend’s text message.
4. You can attend call.

Ans : You must stop and wait for it turn green.

2. Pedestrians can cross the road only _________.

1. at anywhere
2. near the signals
3. at Zebra crossing
4. none

Ans : at Zebra crossing

3. Road Safety Week is celebrated in the month of _________ every year.

1. December
2. January
3. March
4. May

Ans : January

4. For emergency, call _________ for ambulance service.

1. 108
2. 100
3. 106
4. 101

Ans : 108

5. What are the causes for the road accidents?

1. Over Speeding
2. Drunken Driving
3. Distraction to Drivers
4. All of these

Ans : All of these

6. The first category of traffic signs is _________.

1. Mandatory Signs
2. Cautionary Signs
3. Informatory Signs
4. None of these

Ans : Mandatory Signs

7. ‘Setu Bharatam’, a program was launched in _________.

1. 2014
2. 2015
3. 2016
4. 2017

Ans : 2016

8. Expand ABS:

1. Anti Brake start
2. Annual Base System
3. Anti – locking Brake System
4. None of these

Ans : Anti – locking Brake System

9. Overtaking when approaching a bend is

1. permissible
2. not permissible
3. permissible with care
4. our wish

Ans : not permissible

10. When the ambulance is approaching

1. allow passage if there are no vehicles from front side
2. no preference need be given
3. allow free passage by drawing to the side of the road
4. drive behind the ambulance with great speed

Ans : allow free passage by drawing to the side of the road

II. Fill in the Blanks.

1. Always keep _________ while driving.Ans : Left
2. Mandatory signs are exhibited in ___________ shape.Ans : Circular
3. ___________ controls the speed of the vehicle.Ans : Speed Governor
4. Higher the speed; ___________ the risk.Ans : Greater
5. Use of ___________ in four wheelers and ___________ for two wheelers has been brought under law.Ans : Seat belt / Helmet

III Match the following.

1. Pollution under control certifcate – Zebra crossing
2. One-time tax for new car – Comic book on road safety
3. Pedestrian – 6 months
4. Pedestrian ation – 15 years
5. Swachha safer-  Global conference

Ans : 1 – C, 2 – D, 3 – A, 4 – E, 5 – B

IV. State true or false

1. The problem of accidents lies with roads only. Ans : False
2. Check mirrors before changing lanes. Ans : True
3. Flashing yellow signal indicates to slow down and proceed with caution. Ans : True
4. On a two wheeler only one pillion rider is allowed.Ans : True
5. The roads are one of the worst invention of man. Ans : False

V. Consider the following statements and tick the appropriate answer

1. Which of the following statement/s is/are not correct?

1. i) Maintain the right distance to the vehicle in the front.
2. ii) Maintain speed limit, never exceed the speed limit

iii) Wearing seat belt is not necessary while driving.

1. iv) Don’t slow down on bend and turn in the road.
2. i, iii only
3. ii, iv only
4. i, ii only
5. iii, iv only

Ans : iii, iv only

2. Assertion : Drunken driving causes accidents.

Reason : It hampers vision due to dizziness.

1. A is correct and R is the correct explanation of A
2. A is correct and R is not the correct explanation of A
3. A is wrong and R is Correct
4. Both are wrong

Ans : A is correct and R is the correct explanation of A

3. Assertion : Road signs are easy to comprehend.

Reason : They are mostly pictorial.

1. A is true but R is false.
2. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
3. A is false but R is true.
4. Both A and R are true. R is not the correct explanation of A

Ans : Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

4. Find the odd one out (road safety rules)

1. Slow down on the bends
2. Maintain speed limit
3. Use cell phone while driving
4. Avoid walking on roads

Ans : Use cell phone while driving

5. The following signs represent.

VI. Answer the following in one or two sentences

1. How do you ensure road safety?

• Road traffic accident are predictable and therefore preventable. So everyone should strictly follow the road safety rules and signs to ensure the road safety.

2. Why road safety is very important to us?

• Road safety is primarily meant about to protect and provide security of all those who travel on roads.

3. What are the direct consequences of road accidents?

Direct Consequences of Accidents:

1. Fatality (death)
2. Injury and
3. Property damage

4. Draw traffic lights signals and indicates the meaning.

5. Write a note on Brasilia Declaration on road safety.

• Brasilia Declaration on Road Safety is the Second Global High level Conference on Road Safety co–sponsored by the WHO. Taking road safety as a serious issue, India signed Brasilia Declaration in 2015 through which the participants across the world are committed to improve road safety and ways to reduce the traffic deaths by the end of this decade.

6. What is the aim of observing Road Safety Week?

• Road safety week is a national event aimed at raising public awareness about traffic rules and ultimately to reduce casualties due to road accidents. It is also intended to reinforce road safety behaviour among road users.

7. Write any four traffic rules.

• On one-way road the driver should allow the overtaking vehicle through the right. Never park the vehicle in reverse on a one-way street.
• On a two-way road, the driver must drive on the left side of the road.
• It is mandatory for the driver to slow down at all inter junctions and pedestrian crossing.
• Drivers should not use the horns in prohibited areas like hospital zones, school zones etc.,

8. How does alcohol affect driving?

• Consumption of alcohol reduces concentration. It hampers vision due to dizziness. And driving under the influence of alcohol causes accidents.

VII. Answer the following in detail

1. Explain the factors contributed for road accidents.

Over Speeding :

• The higher the speed greater the risk. Most of the fatal accidents occur due to over speeding. Increase in speed multiplies the risk of accident and severity of injury during an accident. Tailgating is illegal and dangerous habit

Drunken Driving :

• Consumption of alcohol reduces concentration. It hampers vision due to dizziness. And driving under the influence of alcohol causes accidents.

Distraction to Drivers :

• Distraction could be outside or inside the vehicle. The Major distraction now a days is talking on mobile phones while driving. The act of talking on phone occupies a major portion of the brain’s function and the smaller part handles the driving skills. Some other distractions are inattentive or lost in thought (daydreaming), adjusting mirrors while driving, stereo in vehicle, animals on road, banners and billboards etc. Other different factors
• Drivers – over speeding, rash driving, violation of rules, failure to understand signs, fatigue and consumption of alcohol.
• Pedestrian – carelessness, illiteracy, crossing at wrong places, moving on roads and jaywalkers.
• Passengers – projecting their body outside the vehicle, by talking to drivers, travelling on footboards, catching a running bus etc.
• Vehicles – failure of brakes or steering, tyre burst, insufficient headlights, overloading and projecting loads.
• Road Condition – damaged road, potholes, eroded road merging of rural road with highways, diversion and illegal speed breakers.
• Weather Conditions – fog, snow, heavy rainfall, wind, storms and hail storms.

2. Describe the steps taken by the Government of India to prevent Road accidents.

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has taken a number of steps to prevent road accidents and road accident fatalities.

These include :

• A multi – pronged strategy has been adopted based on four Es – Engineering, Enforcement, Education and Emergency care for ensuring road safety. They are meant to provide better and safer road engineering, improved vehicular safety standards, training of drivers, improved trauma care and creating public awareness.
• Improving Vehicular Safety Standards – Trucks are prohibited from carrying protruding rods. Anti – locking Brake System (ABS) has been made mandatory on heavy vehicles. Induction of ABS/CBS for two wheelers are made mandatory. AHO (Automatic Headlight On) made mandatory for two-wheelers to make them more conspicuous.
• Pilot Projects for Cashless Treatment of Road Accident Victims – This project has already done in the stretch of NH 8 and NH 33. Now it is proposed to implement this scheme along the Golden Quadrilateral, North South and East West Corridors.
• Quick response ambulances are parked in every 50 kms on the National Highways by the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI). A 24 x 7 call centre to receive calls for ambulances has been created and training has been given for providing first aid to road safety volunteers.
• Speed Governors – This device has a series of sensors that can detect how fast a vehicle is going and if this crosses the limit set by it, it restricts the flow of air and fuel to the engine. This automatically slows down and stops the vehicle from crossing the pre-determined speed.
• Variable Message Signs – These are LED boards which can display important information that needs to be communicated to commuters. These can be used to update road users the traffic conditions in case of major breakdowns, congestions and so on.

3. What are the preventive measures of road accidents?

• Always keep to the left – While driving, keep to the left and allow vehicles to pass from the opposite direction.
• Slow down on bends and turn – A very important thing to keep in mind is to become cautious and slow down on the bends.
• Use helmets – Make it a habit of strapping the helmet before mounting the bikes.
• Never exceed the speed limit – The speed limit is related to the traffic condition of the area. So maintain speed limit.
• Maintain the right distance – Collisions occur because we do not maintain adequate distance from the vehicle in the front. So maintain a safe distance from the bigger vehicles. Keep out of their blind spot (an area not seen through the rear view and wing mirror)
• Park the vehicles only along the designated parking bays/zones not on the sides of the high ways. Use parking lights and caution triangle while attending breakdown.
• Follow the road signs – Road signs are mostly pictorial so it is not hard to comprehend.
• Some other safety tips are – Never ever drive when drunk, never use cell phone while driving, avoid listening to too loud music, check your mirrors before changing lanes, always wear seat belts, always remain calm while driving and never yell or shout at pedestrian or other drivers.
• For pedestrians – Cross only at zebra crossing. The two minutes’ time that you waste for the signals are worth your life. Never cross on red and yellow light. Take a sidewalk and avoid walking on the roads.