9th Social Science Civics Guide Lesson 3 Human Rights

TN 9th Social Science Civics Solutions Chapter 3 Human Rights

9th Standard Social Science Civics Unit 3 Human Rights Book Back Answers Civics Lesson 3 Civics Guide Human Rights Book Back Answers English Medium. 9 all Subject Book Answers. Class 9 Social Science All Unit Book in Answers TM & EM.

• 9th Social Science ( All Units ) – English Medium – Guide – Book Back Answers

9th Social Science Civics Guide Lesson 3 Human Rights

I. Choose the correct answer.

1. ‘Apartheid’ was followed by

(a) South Sudan

(b) South Africa

(c) Nigeria

(d) Egypt

Answer:(b) South Africa

2. …….. right exercises in the formation and administration of a government.

(a) Social

(b) Economic

(c) Political

(d) Cultural

Answer:(c) Political

3. A 10 year old boy is working in a shop. Which right can you use to recover him?

(a) Right to equality

(b) Right to freedom

(c) Right against child labour exploitation

(d) Right to freedom of Religion

Answer:(c) Right against child labour exploitation

 

4. Which one of the following rights has increased the influence of the people over bureaucracy?

(a) Right to equality

(b) Right to information

(c) Right to education

(d) Right to freedom

Answer:(b) Right to information

5. What is the time limit to get the information from RTI Act 2005?

(a) 20 days

(b) 25 days

(c) 30 days

(d) 35 days

Answer:(c) 30 days

6. …….. right was removed from the fundamental Rights by the 44th Amendment.

(a) Right to own (or) sell property

(b) Right to freedom of religion

(c) Child labour and right against exploitation

(d) None of the above

Answer:(c) Child labour and right against exploitation

7. Which of the following statements are true?

(i) The state Human Rights commission was established in 1993.

(ii) It has the power of a civil count.

(iii) It’s power extend beyond the state.

(iv) It can also recommend compensation to victims.

(a) (i) and (ii) are true

(b) (i) and (iii) are true

(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) are true

(d) (i), (ii) and (iv) are true

Answer:(d) (i), (ii) and (iv) are true

8. Consider the following statements.

Assertions (A): Rights and duties are the two sides of the same coin.

Reason (R): We have a right to freedom of religions. We have to promote harmony and the spirit of the people of other religions.

(a) both A and R are correct and R explains A

(b) both A and R are correct but R does not explain A

(c) A is correct but R is false

(d) A is false but R is correct

Answer:(a) both A and R are correct and R explains A

9. According to the UNO a child is a person who has not completed the age of …….. years.

(a) 12

(b) 14

(c) 16

(d) 18

Answer:(d) 18

10. Kailash Satyarthi and Malala have been awarded Nobel Prize for

(a) Literature

(b) Peace

(c) Physics

(d) Economics

Answer:(b) Peace

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted on ……….
2. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights Contains …….. articles.
3. The fundamental Duties were incorporated in the Constitution by ……… Amendment Act.
4. The National Human Rights commission was established on ………..
5. ………. Act came into effect on 1st April 2010.
6. Indian state to implement women ancestral property Act in 1989 was ………..
7. The Civil Rights movement in the United State was initiated by ……….

Answers:

1. 10th December 1948
2. 30
3. 42nd
4. 12th October 1993
5. Right to Education
6. Hindu Succession Act
7. Rosa Parks

III. Match the following:

• 1. Right to Vote – Cultural Rights
• 2. Right to form union – Right against exploitation
• 3. Right to preserve tradition – Political Rights
• 4. Te Hindu Succession Act – Right to freedom
• 5. Child labour – 2005

Answers:

1. (c)
2. (e)
3. (a)
4. (b)
5. (d)

 

IV. Give short answers.

1. What is Human Right?

Answer:

The U.N.O defines Human rights as “The right inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, gender, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion or any other status. Every one is entitled to these rights without discrimination”.

2. What are the fundamental rights?

Answer:

• Right to Equality
• Right to Freedom
• Right against Exploitation
• Right to Freedom of Conscience and Religion
• Cultural and Educational Rights for minorities
• Right to Constitutional Remedies

3. What are the Child Rights define by the UNO?

Answer:

• Right to life
• Right to family environment
• Right to Education
• Right to benefit from Social security
• Right against sexual exploitation
• Right against sale or trafficking
• Right against other forms of exploitation like Child labour.

4. Write a short note on the Right to Constitutional Remedies.

Answer:

Fundamental Rights are guaranteed by the Constitution. By this right, a person can adopt Constitutional means and approach a court if he is denied the Fundamental Rights. The court then issues orders which are called ‘Writs’ to the government to restore the rights to the citizen. The Constitutional Remedies put to right anything which may be wrong in terms of the Constitution. This right therefore protects and safeguards all other rights.

5. Define: POCSO

Answer:

1. The state should protect children from sexual exploitation and abuse, when they are forced or persuaded to take part in sexual activities physically or mentally.
2. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012.
3. Regards the best interest of the child as being of paramount importance at every stage.

6. Why do children need special attention?

Answer:

1. Children are considered to be the future citizens and an asset to a nation.
2. They should be brought up with warmth and by nurturing their interest.
3. The children when loved and appreciated, realizes their value.
4. This makes the child feel secured and develops self-esteem.
5. Eventually, the child is ready to face challenge in life with positive attitude.

7. What are the contributions to labourers by B.R. Ambedkar?

Answer:

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s contribution to labourers.

• Reduction in Factory Working Hours (8 hours a day)
• Compulsory Recognition of Trade Unions
• Employment Exchange in India
• Employees State Insurance (ESI)
• Minimum Wages
• Coal and Mica Mines Provident Fund

8. ‘All are equal before law’. But we have enacted a separate law for women – Justify.

Answer:

1. The National Commission for Women (NCW) is constituted in India to review the Constitutional and legal safeguards for women.
2. Recommends remedial measures.
3. Advises the government on all matters of policy affecting the welfare and development of women in the country.
4. Women’s rights under the Constitution of India mainly include equality, dignity, and freedom from discrimination.

9. Write about the Right against exploitation.

Answer:

It is against the law of employ children below 14 years of age in mines, factories or other occupations. Neither contractor nor an employer can force a worker to do a job against the their will.

10. Differentiate: Fundamental Rights and Human Rights.

Answer:

Fundamental Rights	Human Rights
The elemental rights of the citizens of a country, which are listed in the constitution and enforceable under the law is known as fundamental rights.	The rights that a human being deserves to survive with respect and freedoms.
Fundamental rights includes only those rights which are basic to a normal life.	Human rights include those rights which are basic to a real life and are absolute, i.e. it cannot be taken away.
Fundamental rights are guaranteed under the constitution of the country.	Human rights are recognised at international level.

V. Answer in Detail.

1. Write a paragraph about UDHR.

Answer

1. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a milestone document in the history of human rights.
2. The Declaration was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10th December 1948.
3. The first time it sets out the fundamental human rights to be universally protected and the UDHR has been translated into many languages.
4. There are 30 articles in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and it guarantees freedom of expression as well as civil, political, social, economic and cultural rights. These rights apply to all people, irrespective of their race, gender and nationality, as all people are born free and equal.

2. What are fundamental duties? How would you follow these in your school premises?

Answer:

These were incorporated in the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976. The

Constitution states eleven Fundamental Duties as given below:

1. Respect for the Constitution and its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the

National Anthem.

2. To follow and cherish the noble ideals which inspired our National Struggle for freedom.
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
5. To promote harmony and spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India, transcending religious, linguistic, regional or sectional diversities, to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and have compassion on living creatures.
8. To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
9. To safeguard public property and to abjure from violence.
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity, so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievements.
11. To provide opportunities for education by the parent and guardian to their child or ward upto the age of 14 years.

3. How does the National Human Rights Commission protect our rights?

Answer:

• To inquire into the violation of human rights or negligence in the prevention of such violation by a public servant
• To intervene in court proceedings relating to human rights
• To undertake and promote research in the field of human rights
• To engage in human rights education among various sections of society
• To encourage the effects of NGOs and institutions working in the field of human rights.

4. What are the benefits for workers provided by labour law?

Answer:

• Reduction in Factory Working Hours (8 hours a day)
• Compulsory Recognition of Trade Unions
• Employment Exchange in India
• Employees State Insurance (ESI)
• Minimum Wages
• Coal and Mica Mines Provident Fund

Women Labourers’ Welfare and Ambedkar Dr. B.R. Ambedkar framed many laws for women workers in India such as the ‘Mines Maternity Benefit Act’, ‘Women Labour Welfare Fund’, ‘Women and Child Labour Protection Act’, ‘Maternity Benefit for Women Labour’, and ‘Restoration of Ban on Employment of Women . on Underground Work in Coal Mines’.

5. How do you enjoy the fundamental rights in your life?

Answer:

Right to Equality before law and equal protection of law. Prohibition or discrimination on the grounds of religion, caste, races, gender or place of birth is offensive and one can seek justice from court.

Right to Freedom: Six different types of freedom are mentioned in the Constitution. They are:

(a) Freedom of speech and expression.

(b) Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms.

(c) Freedom to form associations and unions.

(d) Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India.

(e) Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.

(f) Freedom to practice any profession and carry on any occupation, trade or business.

Right against Exploitation

It is against the law to employ children below 14 years of age in mines, factories or other occupations. Neither contractor nor an employer can force a worker to do a job against the their will.

VI. Project and Activity

1. How do you protect yourself from child abuse/sexual exploitation and trafficking.

Answer:

You can do this activity under the guidance of your teacher.

2. Write an article titled “My country, My Rights”.

Answer:

You can do this activity under the guidance of your teacher.

Human Rights Additional Questions

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question 1.

UDHR has played a crucial role in promoting

(a) Individual Rights

(b) Human Rights

(c) Fundamental Rights

(d) None of the above

Answer:(b) Human Rights

Question 2.

NCW was constituted to safeguard

(a) Students

(b) Women

(c) Labourers

(d) Children

Answer:(b) Women

Question 3.

Fundamental duties were incorporated in the Indian Constitution in the year

(a) 1976

(b) 1980

(c) 1975

(d) 1950

Answer:(a) 1976

Question 4.

Which of the following statements are true?

Answer:

(i) The general explanations of Human Rights by UDHR is not a legally binding document.

(ii) UDHR has a political and moral importance.

(a) (i) is correct (ii) is wrong

(b) (i) is wrong (ii) is correct

(c) (i), (ii) and (iii) are wrong

(d) Both (i) and (ii) are correct

Answer:(d) Both (i) and (ii) are correct

II. Fill in the blanks.

1. In 1994 ……… became the President of South Africa.
2. UNO was established in the year ……
3. Political rights are given to the citizens by ………. .
4. Protection and promotion of human rights is India in the responsibility of ……….
5. The written order from the court or other legal authority is called a ………..

Answers:

1. Nelson Mandela
2. 1945
3. Law
4. NHRC
5. Writ

IV. Give short answers.

Question 1.

What are Extended rights?

Answer:

The Child rights, SC and ST rights, Women rights, Right to information Act (RTI) and Labour laws come under Extended rights.

Question 2.

What is Apartheid?

Answer:

Apartheid means social discrimination. Apartheid was the highest form of discrimination that existed in South Africa. Places of residences were determined by racial classification. It was the governing policy in the country by the minority whites over the majority non-whites. The people of South Africa protested against racial discrimination.

Question 3.

Write a note on Nelson Mandela.

Answer:

Nelson Mandela raised his voice against Apartheid. When he organised defiant campaigns against the government, he was imprisoned. He was released in 1990 by the President F. W. de Klerk: The efforts taken by Mandela and de Klerk put an end to apartheid. In 1994, general election was held and Nelson Mandela, the leader of the African National Congress, became President.

Question 4.

What does the term Civil rights refer to?

Answer:

The term ‘ Civil rights’ refers to the basic rights afforded by laws of the government.

It is guaranteed to every person regardless of race, nationality, colour, gender, age, religion etc.

Question 5.

What is NHRC?

Answer:

The National Human Right Commission (NHRC) is an autonomous body constituted on 12th October 1993 under the protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It consists of a chairman and few other members. NHRC is responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights in India. The Act defines the right relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the international covenants.

V. Answer in detail.

Question 1.

What are the functions of SHRC?

Answer:

The functions of SHRC are,

1. The SHRC shall enquire into violation of human rights in respect of matters specified in the state and concurrent lists.
2. Its objectives and duties are the same as NHRC, but confined only to the state. It has a chairman and two members.
3. It has the power of a civil court, and can take cognizance of cases if received.
4. It can also recommend compensation to victims.

Question 2.

Explain Child Rights.

Answer:

Child Rights are,

(a) Right to life:

1. A child has the right to survive even before its birth.
2. The right to survival also includes the right to be born, the right to basic needs of food, shelter and clothing and a dignified living.

(b) Right to Family Environment:

1. A child has the right to live a normal childhood in a family environment.
2. Children who have been left destitute, abandoned or orphaned also have the right to live.
3. These children can be given for adoption to caring families.

(c) Right to Education:

Right to Education Act is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted in 2009 for free and compulsory education for children from 6 to 14 years of age as under Article 21 A of the Constitution.

 

(d) Right against sale or trafficking:

1. Children should be treated as individuals with fundamental human rights.
2. Children are subj eCted to sale or trafficking for various reasons like economic exploitation, sexual exploitation, sexual abuse, drug trafficking and child labour.

(e) Right against sexual exploitation:

1. The state should protect children from sexual exploitation and abuse.
2. POCSO Act- Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act in 2012.