9th Geography 8 Disaster Management: Responding to Disasters
9th Social Science Geography Solutions Chapter 8 Disaster Management: Responding to Disasters
9th Standard Social Science Geography Unit 8 Disaster Management: Responding to Disasters Book Back Answers History Lesson 8 Geography Disaster Management: Responding to Disasters Book Back Answers English Medium. 9 all Subject Book Answers. Class 9 Social Science All Unit Book in Answers TM & EM.
Disaster Management: Responding to Disasters Textual Exercise
I. Choose the best answer.
Question 1.
One among the following is not the first responder in case of a disaster.
(a) police officers
(b) firefighters
(c) Insurance agents
(d) emergency medical technicians
Answer:(c) Insurance agents
Question 2.
‘Drop, Cover, Hold’ is a mock drill a vowal for …….
(a) Fire
(b) Earthquake
(c) Tsunami
(d) Riot
Answer:(b) Earthquake
Question 3.
When you happen to see fire break out you will make a call to ……
(a) 114
(b) 112
(c) 115
(d) 118
Answer:(b) 112
Question 4.
Which of the following statements is untrue?
(a) ‘Stop, Drop, Roll’ is for fire.
(b) ‘Drop, Cover, Hold’ is for an earthquake.
(c) ‘If sea water recedes back, run to higher places’ is for flood.
(d) ‘If gunshots are heard, drop to the ground and cover the head with hand’ is for riot.
Answer:(d) ‘If gunshots are heard, drop to the ground and cover the head with hand’ is for riot.
Question 5.
Which of the following statements belongs to responding to earthquake?
(a) Avoid any place where police or security forces action is in progress.
(b) Know the height of your street above sea level and the distance of your street from the coast.
(c) Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and walls, and anything that could fall.
(d) Before opening a door, feel it with the back of your hand.
Answer:(c) Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and walls, and anything that could fall.
II. Very short answer:
Question 1.
Who are the community’s first responders to disaster?
Answer:
On a daily basis, police officers, firefighters, and emergency medical technicians are our community’s first responders, whether during fire, flood or acts of terrorism.
Question 2.
What are the four phases of the Disaster Management Cycle?
Answer:
Disaster management includes Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery.
Question 3.
Though Japan has the densest seismic network Indonesia has the most earthquakes. Why?
Answer:
Japan is in a very active seismic area and it has the densest seismic network in the world.
Indonesia is in a very active seismic zone, but because it is larger than Japan, it has more earthquakes.
Question 4.
How many males and females die per day due to fire in India?
Answer:
It is estimated that about 42 females and 21 males die every day in India due to fire.
Question 5.
What should you do after a Tsunami?
Answer:
- You should continue using a weather radio or staying tuned to a Coast Guard emergency frequency station or a local radio or television station for updated emergency information.
- Check yourself for injuries and get first aid if necessary, before helping injured or trapped persons.
- If someone needs to be rescued, call professionals with the right equipment to help.
- Help people who require special assistance, like Infants, elderly people, those without transportation, large families who may need additional help in an emergency situation, people with disabilities, and the people who care for them.
- Stay out of a building if water remains around it. Tsunami water, like floodwater, can undermine foundations, causing buildings to sink, floors to crack, or walls to collapse.
- Check for gas leaks. If you smell gas or hear a blowing or hissing noise, open a window and get everyone outside quickly.
III. Short answer:
Question 1.
Write a short note on Tsunami.
Answer:
A tsunami can kill or injure people and damage or destroy buildings and infrastructure as waves come forth and recede. A tsunami is a series of enormous ocean waves caused by earthquakes, underwater landslides, volcanic eruptions or asteroids. Tsunamis can travel 700-800 km per hour, with waves 10-30 meter high. It causes flooding and disrupts transportation, power, communications, and water supply.
Question 2.
What do you do if you are indoors during an earthquake?
Answer:
If indoors-
- DROP to the ground; take COVER by getting under a sturdy table or other piece of furniture and HOLD ON until the shaking stops. If there is no table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch in an inside comer of the building.
- Protect yourself by staying under the lintel of an inner door, in the comer of a room, under a table or even under a bed.
- Stay away from glass windows, outside doors and walls and anything that could fall (such as lighting fixtures or furniture).
- Stay inside until the shaking stops and afterwards it is safe to go outside.
Question 3.
How do you respond to Tsunami?
Answer:
- You should find out if your home, school, workplace or other frequently visited locations are in tsunami hazard areas along the sea-shore.
- Plan evacuation routes from your home, school, workplace, or any other place you could be, where tsunamis poses a risk.
- Use a weather radio or stay tuned to a local radio or television station to keep informed of local watches and warnings.
- Discuss tsunamis with your family. Everyone should be aware of what to do when tsunami strikes. Discussing tsunamis ahead of time will help reduce fear and save precious time in an emergency. Review flood safety and precautionary measures with your family.
Question 4.
What should you do if you are trapped in a car during a civil unrest?
Answer:
If trapped in a car;
- Keep abreast of the current news if you are in a volatile area.
- If you come across a demonstration, don’t become inquisitive, just leave the area and find another route to your intended destination.
- Avoid any place where police or security forces action is in progress.
Question 5.
Write three sentences about what to do during fire.
Answer:
Fire Safety Do’s and Don’ts
- Know your building’s evacuation plan.
- Evacuate calmly and quickly, whenever a fire alarm or carbon monoxide alarm sounds.
- Before opening a door, feel it with the back of your hand. If the door is hot, do not open it.
HOTs
Question 1.
Why should you cut off all the branches of trees below 3 metres of height standing near your house?
Answer:
- Old and overgrown branches might fall and injure people.
- They may cause damage to electricity and telephone lines, houses, cars and other belongings.
- Broken branches and leaves may create gutter.
- Large root systems can cause damage to the foundation of your house.
- Constant shade from the Sun will cause dampness on the roof.
To prevent all these problems you should trim and prune all trees and vegetation within 3 metres height standing near your house.
Disaster Management: Responding to Disasters Additional Questions
I. Choose the correct answer.
Question 1.
…… is measured using seismograph.
(a) Earthquake
(b) heat
(c) Pressure
(d) None of these
Answer:(a) Earthquake
Question 2.
This country is in a very active seismic area.
(a) Russia
(b) Japan
(c) China
(d) Britain
Answer:(b) Japan
Question 3.
…….. tops in riot in the world.
(a) India
(b) Iraq
(c) Nigeria
(d) Syria
Answer:(d) Syria
Question 4.
Tsunamis can travel 700-800 kms per hour with waves …….. metres high.
(a) 10 – 30
(b) 10 – 40
(c) 10 – 60
(d) 10 – 50
Answer:(a) 10 – 30
Question 5.
This is not the cause for fire.
(a) Lightning strikes
(b) Sparks during arid conditions
(c) The eruptions of volcanoes
(d) Ocean waves
Answer:(d) Ocean waves
II. Very short answers:
Question 1.
What does Disaster Management include?
Answer:
Disaster Management includes Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery.
Question 2.
What does Modern Disaster Management include?
Answer:
Modern disaster management goes beyond post-disaster assistance. It now includes pre-disaster planning and preparedness activities, organizational planning, training, information management, public relations and many other fields.
Question 3.
Write a short note on “Earth Quake”.
Answer:
An earthquake is a sudden vibration of the part of the earth caused by plate movements. It occurs along the plate boundaries. The place inside the earth where an earthquake originates is focus. The point on the earth’s surface above the called a focus is called an epicentre. The damage caused by the earthquake is the highest near the epicentre.
Question 4.
If you are in a vehicle, what will you do during an earthquake? If in a moving vehicle
Answer:
- Stop as quickly as safety permits. Avoid stopping near or under buildings, trees, overpasses and utility wires.
- Proceed cautiously once the earthquake has stopped. Avoid roads, bridges or ramps that might have been damaged by the earthquake.
Question 5.
Give an account of Tsunami?
Answer:
A tsunami can kill or injure people and damage or destroy buildings and infrastructure as waves come forth and recede. A tsunami is a series of enormous ocean waves caused by earthquakes, underwater landslides, volcanic eruptions or asteroids. Tsunamis can travel 700 – 800 km per hour, with waves 10 – 30 meter high. It causes flooding and disrupts transportation, power, communications, and water supply.
III. Short Answers:
Question 1.
What do you mean by Disaster Response?
Answer:
Disaster response entails restoring physical facilities, rehabilitation of affected population, restoration of lost livelihoods and reconstruction efforts to restore the infrastructure lost or damaged. The Response Phase focuses primarily on emergency relief: saving lives, providing first aid, restoring damaged systems (communications and transportation), meeting the basic life requirements of those impacted by disaster (food, water and shelter) and providing mental health and spiritual support and care.
Question 2.
What to do after a Tsunami?
Answer:
- You should continue using a weather radio or staying tuned to a Coast Guard emergency frequency station or a local radio or television station for updated emergency information.
- Check yourself for injuries and get first aid if necessary, before helping injured or trapped persons.
- If someone needs to be rescued, call professionals with the right equipment to help.
- Help people who require special assistance, like Infants, elderly people, those without transportation, large families who may need additional help in an emergency situation, people with disabilities, and the people who care for them.
- Stay out of a building if water remains around it. Tsunami water, like floodwater, can undermine foundations, causing buildings to sink, floors to crack, or walls to collapse.
- Check for gas leaks. If you smell gas or hear a blowing or hissing noise, open a window and get everyone outside quickly.
Question 3.
What to do if you are caught in a riot?
Answer:
- If you find yourself caught up in a demonstration, keep to the edge of the crowd where it is safer. At the first opportunity, break away and seek refuge in a nearby building or find a suitable doorway or alley and stay there until the crowd passes.
- When leaving the fringe of the demonstration, just walk away – don’t run as this will draw attention to you.
- In the event that you are arrested by the police/military, do not resist. Go along peacefully and contact your law advisor to help you resolve your predicament.
- If you are caught up in the crowd, stay clear of glass shop fronts, moreover, move with the flow.
- If shooting breaks out, drop to the ground and cover your head and neck, and lie as flat as you can.
Question 4.
Write aboutthe Fire Safety Do’s and Don’ts.
Answer:
Fire Safety Do’s and Don’ts
- Know your building’s evacuation plan.
- Evacuate calmly and quickly, whenever a fire alarm or carbon monoxide alarm sounds.
- Before opening a door, feel it with the back of your hand. If the door is hot, do not open it.
- If you encounter smoke during your evacuation, stay low to the floor.
- Know the outside rally point for your building.
- Know the locations of fire extinguishers, fire alarm pull stations and exits.
IV. Answer in Detail:
Question 1.
Explain the Disaster Management cycle with Diagram.
Answer:
Disaster management includes Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery. Disaster management involves all levels of government. Non-governmental and community based organizations play a vital role in the process.
Modern disaster management goes beyond post-disaster assistance. It now includes pre-disaster planning and preparedness activities, organizational planning, training, information management, public relations and many other fields. Crisis management is important, but is only a part of the responsibility of a disaster manager.
The traditional approach to disaster management has a number of phased sequences of action or a continuum. These can be represented as a disaster management cycle. We mainly focus on the way how the community should respond to disasters.
Question 2.
Explain “Fire”.
Answer:
Wildfires occur when vegetated areas are set alight and are particularly common during hot and dry periods. They can occur in forests, grasslands, bush and deserts, and with blowing wind, can spread rapidly.
Fires can lead to the destruction of buildings, wooden bridges and poles, power, transmission and telecommunication lines, warehouses containing oil products and other fuel. It causes injury to people and animals.
The most common causes of fires are lightning strikes, sparks during arid conditions, eruption of volcanoes and man-made fires arising from deliberate arson or accidents.
A side-effect of wildfires which also threatens inhabited areas is smoke. Fires create large quantities of smoke, which can be spread far by wind and poses a respiratory hazard.
On an average, in India, every year, about 25,000 persons die due to fires and related causes. Female accounts for about 66% of those killed in fire accidents. It is estimated that about 42 females and 21 males die every day in India due to fire.
