8th Social Science Civics Guide Unit 4 Human Rights and UNO

8th Standard Civics Guide Lesson 4 Human Rights and UNO

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8th Social Science Civics Guide Unit 4 Human Rights and UNO

I. Choose the correct answer

1. After the Second World War _________ has taken several measures to protect the human rights.

1. UNO
2. Supreme Court
3. International Court of Justice
4. none

Ans : UNO

2. In 1995 women from all over the world gathered at _________.

1. Beijing
2. New York
3. Delhi
4. none

Ans : Beijing

3. The National Human Rights Commission was constituted in ________

1. 1990
2. 1993
3. 1978
4. 1979

Ans : 1993

4. The UNO declared 1979 as the International year of _________.

1. Girl Child
2. Children
3. women
4. none

Ans : Children

5. When is Human Rights Day observed?

1. 9th December
2. 10th December
3. 11th December
4. 12th December

Ans : 10th December

6. Which one is known as modern International Magna Carta of Human rights?

1. UDHRC
2. NHRC
3. SHRC
4. International year for women

Ans : UDHRC

7. Who can be appointed as the chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission?

1. Retired Judge of High court
2. Any retired Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
3. Any person appointed by the President
4. Retired Chief Judge of any court

Ans : Any retired Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

8. How many articles does the Universal Declaration of Human Rights contain?

1. 20
2. 30
3. 40
4. 50

Ans : 30

9. What is the tenure of the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission?

1. 5 years or upto 62 years of age
2. 5 years or upto 65 years of age
3. 6 years or upto 65 years of age
4. 5 years or upto 70 years of age

Ans : 5 years or upto 70 years of age

10. Where is the headquarters of the National Human Rights Commission?

1. Delhi
2. Mumbai
3. Ahmedabad
4. Kolkata

Ans : Delhi

II. Fill in the Blanks.

1. Each individual has __________ to lead a dignified life.Ans : Rights
2. Human Rights are __________ rights.Ans : Equal
3. The State Human Rights commission was formed on __________.Ans : 17th April 1997
4. Article 24 of Indian Constitution prohibits __________.Ans : Child labour
5. United Nations Organisation was established in the year __________.Ans : 1945

III Match the following.

1. . Eleanor Roosevelt – world’s frst charter of human rights
2. Te Cyrus Cylinder – 1997
3. Eve Teasing Act – freedom from slavery
4. Child help line – Human Rights Commission
5. Civil right – right to vote
6. Political right – 1098

Ans : 1 – D, 2 – A, 3 – B, 4 – F, 5 – C, 6 – E

IV. State true or false

1. Human rights and civil rights are the same.Ans : False
2. Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was proclaimed in India.Ans : False
3. The Human Right Act of 1993 provides the creation of National Human Rights Commission.Ans : True
4. National Human Rights Commission has empowered to give punishment to the victims.Ans : True
5. ECOSOC was empowered to setup commission for the promotion of Human rights at National and State level.Ans : True

V. Consider the following statements and tick the appropriate answer

1. Find the wrong statement.

1. National Human Rights Commission is a statutory body.
2. National Human Rights Commission is a constitutional body.
3. National Human Rights Commission is an independent body.
4. National Human Rights Commission is a multilateral institution.

Ans : National Human Rights Commission is a constitutional body.

2. Which of the following statement is not correct about the National Human Rights Commission?

1993. It was established in 1993.
1994. In the cases of human rights violation, the Commission has no rights to punish the culprit.
1995. The Chairperson and members are of this Commission are appointed by the Supreme Court of India.
1996. The Commission sends its annual report to the Central Government and State Governments.

Ans : The Chairperson and members are of this Commission are appointed by the Supreme Court of India.

3. Assertion : Human Rights day is observed on 10th December

Reason : It commemorates Elean or Roosevel’s birthday.

1. A is correct but R does not explain A
2. A is correct but R explains A
3. A and R are correct
4. A and R are Wrong

Ans : A is correct but R does not explain A

4. Consider the following statements.

1. The State Human Rights commission is a multi-member body.

2. The State Human Rights Commission consists of a chairperson and three members.

Which of the statements given above is /are correct?

1. 1 only
2. 2 only
3. Both a and b
4. None

Ans : None

VI. Answer the following in one or two sentences

1. What are Human Rights?

• Human rights are freedom that all human beings are entitled to enjoy. They include civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights.

2. Bring out the importance of UDHR.

• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948.
• It is a milestone document in the history of Human rights.
• It is also known as modern International Magna Carta of Human Rights.
• Its principles have been incorporated into the Constitutions of most of the (more than 185) nations.

3. What does Article 45 of Indian Constitution provide?

• Indian Constitution Article 45 provides that the state shall endeavor to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.

4. Write about Right to Education Act.

• Right to Education Act – Article 21A provides that the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children aged six to fourteen years.

5. State any three legislations passed to safeguard the welfare of women.

1. The Hindu Widow Remarriage Act 1856.
2. The Hindu Marriage Act 1955.
3. The Hindu Succession Act 1956.

6. Mention some of the political rights.

• Political rights include the freedom of expression, and peaceful assembly, the right to take part in the government of one’s country, the right to vote, the freedom of speech and obtain information.

7. Name the five primary categories of Human Rights.

1. Civil Rights
2. Political Rights
3. Social Rights
4. Economic Rights
5. Cultural Rights

VII. Answer the following in detail

1. Distinguish between Human rights and Civil rights.

Human Rights	Civil Rights
1. Human rights belong to everyone, everywhere, regardless of nationality sexuality, gender, race, religion or age.	Civil rights are those rights that one enjoys by virtue of citizenship in a particular nation or state.
2. Human rights are considered universal to all human beings and universal in all countries.	Civil rights vary greatly from country to the country’s or government to government. It is related to the Constitution
3. No nation may rightfully deprive human rights to an individual.	Different nations can grant or deny different civil rights and liberties.
4. Human rights are basic rights inherent with birth.	Civil rights are creation of the society.

2. Describe any five basic characteristics of Human rights.

Fundamental

they are fundamental rights because without them, the life and dignity of man will be meaningless.

Inalienable

they cannot be taken away from the individual.

Indivisible

they can’t be denied even when other rights have already been enjoyed .

Universal

they are universal. They apply irrespective of one’s origin or status. They are enforceable without national border.

Interdependent

Interdependent they are interdependent because the fulfilment or exercise of one human right cannot be had without the realization of the other.

3. What are the measures taken by the government to protect the children?

• The child is considered as an important national asset. The future of a nation depends on how its children mature and develop. So protection of children from all kinds of exploitation and abuses has become the main objective of our society.

There are laws in India protecting the rights of the children.

Right to Education Act :

• Article 21A provides that the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children aged six to fourteen years.

The Child Labour Act (Prohibition and Regulation Act 1986) :

• It provides that no child who has not completed 15 years of age can be employed

The Juvenile Justice Act 2000 (Care and Protection of Children) :

• This Act tries to protect children deprived of adequate care and to reform the children by adopting child friendly approach.

POCSO Act 2012 :

• Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act.