10th Social Science – Civics Guide Indian Constitution

10th Standard Social Science Solution | Lesson.18 Indian Constitution

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10th Social Science – Civics Lesson.18 Indian Constitution

I. Choose the Correct Answer:

1. Which of the following sequences in right regarding the Preamble?

1. Republic, democratic, secular, socialist, sovereign
2. Sovereign, socialist, secular, republic, democratic
3. Sovereign, republic, secular, socialist, democratic
4. Sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic

Ans : Sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic

2. How many times has the Preamble to the Constitution of India amended?

1. Once
2. Twice
3. Thrice
4. Never

Ans : Once

3. A foreigner can acquire Indian citizenship through ________

1. escent
2. Registration
3. Naturalisation
4. All of the above

Ans : All the above

4. Find the odd one out.

1. Right to Equality
2. Right against Exploitation
3. Right to Property
4. Cultural and Educational Rights

Ans : Right to property

5. One of the following is not an instance of an exercise of a fundamental right?

1. Workers from Karnataka go to Kerala to work on the farms
2. Christian missions set up a chain of missionary schools
3. Men and Women government employees got the same salary.
4. Parents property is inherited by their children

Ans : Men and Women government employees got the same salary.

6. Which one of the following rights was described by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the heart and soul of the Constitution?

1. Right to freedom of religion
2. Right to equality
3. Right to Constitutional remedies
4. Right to property

Ans : Right to Constitutional remedies

7. How can the Fundamental Rights be suspended?

1. If the Supreme Court so desires
2. If the Prime Minister orders to this effect
3. If the President orders it during the national emergency
4. All of the above

Ans : If the President orders it during the national emergency

8. We borrowed the Fundamental Duties from the

1. American Constitution
2. Canadian Constitution
3. Russian Constitution
4. Irish Constitution

Ans : American Constitution

9. Under which Article financial emergency can be proclaimed?

1. Article 352
2. Article 356
3. Article 360
4. Article 368

Ans : Article 360

10. Which of the following committees/commissions made recommendations about the Centre-State Relations?

1. Sarkaria Commission 2. Rajamannar Committee 3. M.N.Venkatachaliah Commission

Select the correct answer from the codes given below

1. 1, 2 & 3
2. 1 & 2
3. 1 & 3
4. 2 & 3

Ans : 1 & 2

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. The concept of constitution first originated in ________. Ans : U.S.A
2. ________ was elected as the temporary President of the Constituent Assembly.

Ans : Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha

3. The Constitution of India was adopted on ________. Ans : 26th Nov. 1949
4. ________ writs are mentioned in Article 32. Ans : Five
5. Fundamental duties have been given to the citizen of India under Article ________. Ans : 51A

III. Match the following:

1. Citizenship Act – Jawaharlal Nehru
2. The Preamble – 42nd Amendment
3. The mini Constitution – 1955
4. Classical language – 1962
5. National Emergency – Tamil

Ans : 1 – C, 2 – A, 3 – b, 4 – E, 5 – D

IV. Answer the following in brief:

1. What is a Constitution?

• The Constitution is the fundamental law of a country which reflects the fundamental principles on which the government of that country is based.
• It is the vehicle of a Nation’s progress.
• It is concerned with institutional fabric and the framework of the distribution of powers between the various organs of the government and between the union and the states.
• The concept of Constitution first originated in USA.

2. What is meant by citizenship?

• The word ‘citizen’ is derived from the Latin terms ‘civis’.
• It means resident of a city state.
• The Constitution of India provides for a single and uniform citizenship for the whole of India.
• Article 5 to 11 under part II of the Constitution deals with the citizenship.

3. How many types of Fundamental rights are listed by the Indian Constitution?

• Right to Equality
• Right to Freedom
• Right against Exploitation
• Right to Religion
• Cultural & Educational Rights
• Right to Constitutional Remedies

4. What is a writ?

• A writ is an order or command issued by a court in writing under its seal.
• It is in the nature of a command or prohibition from performing certain acts that are specified im the orders of the court.
• Both the Supreme Court and the High Courts are empowered to issue five kinds of writs.
• They are Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto.

5. What are the classical languages in India?

• Six languages are granted the classical language status.
• They are Tamil, Telugu, Sanskrit, Kannada, Malayalam and Odia.

6. What is national emergency?

• Under Article 352, the President can declare emergency if he is satisfied that India’s security is threatened due to war, external aggression or armed rebellion or if there is an imminent danger or threat.
• When a national emergency is declared on the ground of war or external aggression it is known as external emergency.
• When it is declared on the ground of armed rebellion it is known as internal emergency.

7. List out the three heads of the relations between the centre and the states.

The centre-state relations can be studied under three heads.

They are

1. Legislative relations
2. Administrative relations
3. Financial relations.

10th Social Science – Civics Guide Indian Constitution

V Answer in Detail

1. Explain the salient features of the Constitution of India.

• It is the lengthiest of all the written Constitutions of the world.
• It has borrowed most of the provisions from the Constitutions of various countries.
• It is partly rigid and partly flexible.
• It establishes a federal system of government.
• It establishes the parliamentary system not only at the centre but also in the states.
• It makes India as a secular state.
• It provides an independent judiciary.
• It introduces Universal Adult Franchise and accords the right to vote to all citizens above 18 years of age without any discrimination.
• It provides single citizenship.
• It makes special provisions for minorities, Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, etc.

2. Point out the Fundamental Rights.

There are six Fundamental Rights. They are

1. Right to Equality
2. Right to Freedom
3. Right against Exploitation
4. Right to Religion
5. Cultural & Educational Rights
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies
7. Right to Equality

Equality before law

• Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
• Equality of opportunity in matters of public employement.
• Abolition of untouchability.
• Abolition of titles except military and academic.

Right to freedom

• Freedom of speech and expression assembly association, movement, residence and profession.
• Protection in respect of conviction for offences.
• Protection of life and personal liberty.
• Right to elementary education.
• Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.

Right against exploitation

• Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.
• Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.

Rights to Religion

• Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
• Freedom to manage religious affairs.
• Freedom from payment of taxes for promotion of any religion.
• Freedom from attending religious instruction or worship in certain educational institutions.

Cultural & Educational Rights

• Protection of language, script and culture of minorities.
• Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.

Right to Constitutional remedies

• It allows individuals to seek redressal for the violation of their fundamental rights.

3. Write briefly on the Right to Constitutional Remedies.

A writ is an order or command issued by a court in writing under its seal. It is in the nature of a command or prohibition from performing certain acts that are specified in the orders of the court. Both the Supreme Court and the High Courts are empowered to issue five kinds of writs such as Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo Warranto and Certiorari.

Habeas Corpus:

• Safeguards people from illegal arrests.

Mandamus:

• It protects the petitioner who requires legal help to get his work done by respective public authorities.

Prohibition:

• It prohibits a subordinate court from acting beyond its jurisdiction.

Quo Warranto:

• It prevents usurpation of public office through illegal manner.

Certiorari:

• It quashes an order issued by a subordinate court by over stepping its jurisdiction.

4, Mention the differences between fundamental Rights and Directive principles of State policy.

Fundamental Rights	Directive principles of state policy
1. It was derived from the Constitution of the USA	It was drawn on the model of the Constitution of Ireland
2. Even the government cannot take away or abridge these rights.	‘These are mere instructions to the Government.
3. These are enforceable by a court of law.	These are not enforceable in any court.
4. These have legal sanctions.	These have moral and political sanctions.
5. These nights strengthen political democracy in the country.	The implementation of these principles ensures social and economic democracy.